টেমপ্লেট:ar-conj/নথি

Form I example

If the headword is كتب (“to write”, form I sound), {{ar-conj|I|a|u|vn=كِتَابَة}} produces

Conjugation of

كَتَبَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun كِتَابَة)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						كِتَابَة kitāba
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						كَاتِب kātib
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَكْتُوب maktūb
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	كَتَبْتُ katabtu	كَتَبْتَ katabta	كَتَبَ kataba		كَتَبْتُمَا katabtumā	كَتَبَا katabā		كَتَبْنَا katabnā	كَتَبْتُمْ katabtum	كَتَبُوا katabū
	f		كَتَبْتِ katabti	كَتَبَتْ katabat			كَتَبَتَا katabatā			كَتَبْتُنَّ katabtunna	كَتَبْنَ katabna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَكْتُبُ ʔaktubu	تَكْتُبُ taktubu	يَكْتُبُ yaktubu		تَكْتُبَانِ taktubāni	يَكْتُبَانِ yaktubāni		نَكْتُبُ naktubu	تَكْتُبُونَ taktubūna	يَكْتُبُونَ yaktubūna
	f		تَكْتُبِينَ taktubīna	تَكْتُبُ taktubu			تَكْتُبَانِ taktubāni			تَكْتُبْنَ taktubna	يَكْتُبْنَ yaktubna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَكْتُبَ ʔaktuba	تَكْتُبَ taktuba	يَكْتُبَ yaktuba		تَكْتُبَا taktubā	يَكْتُبَا yaktubā		نَكْتُبَ naktuba	تَكْتُبُوا taktubū	يَكْتُبُوا yaktubū
	f		تَكْتُبِي taktubī	تَكْتُبَ taktuba			تَكْتُبَا taktubā			تَكْتُبْنَ taktubna	يَكْتُبْنَ yaktubna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَكْتُبْ ʔaktub	تَكْتُبْ taktub	يَكْتُبْ yaktub		تَكْتُبَا taktubā	يَكْتُبَا yaktubā		نَكْتُبْ naktub	تَكْتُبُوا taktubū	يَكْتُبُوا yaktubū
	f		تَكْتُبِي taktubī	تَكْتُبْ taktub			تَكْتُبَا taktubā			تَكْتُبْنَ taktubna	يَكْتُبْنَ yaktubna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُكْتُبْ uktub			اُكْتُبَا uktubā				اُكْتُبُوا uktubū
	f		اُكْتُبِي uktubī							اُكْتُبْنَ uktubna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	كُتِبْتُ kutibtu	كُتِبْتَ kutibta	كُتِبَ kutiba		كُتِبْتُمَا kutibtumā	كُتِبَا kutibā		كُتِبْنَا kutibnā	كُتِبْتُمْ kutibtum	كُتِبُوا kutibū
	f		كُتِبْتِ kutibti	كُتِبَتْ kutibat			كُتِبَتَا kutibatā			كُتِبْتُنَّ kutibtunna	كُتِبْنَ kutibna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُكْتَبُ ʔuktabu	تُكْتَبُ tuktabu	يُكْتَبُ yuktabu		تُكْتَبَانِ tuktabāni	يُكْتَبَانِ yuktabāni		نُكْتَبُ nuktabu	تُكْتَبُونَ tuktabūna	يُكْتَبُونَ yuktabūna
	f		تُكْتَبِينَ tuktabīna	تُكْتَبُ tuktabu			تُكْتَبَانِ tuktabāni			تُكْتَبْنَ tuktabna	يُكْتَبْنَ yuktabna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُكْتَبَ ʔuktaba	تُكْتَبَ tuktaba	يُكْتَبَ yuktaba		تُكْتَبَا tuktabā	يُكْتَبَا yuktabā		نُكْتَبَ nuktaba	تُكْتَبُوا tuktabū	يُكْتَبُوا yuktabū
	f		تُكْتَبِي tuktabī	تُكْتَبَ tuktaba			تُكْتَبَا tuktabā			تُكْتَبْنَ tuktabna	يُكْتَبْنَ yuktabna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُكْتَبْ ʔuktab	تُكْتَبْ tuktab	يُكْتَبْ yuktab		تُكْتَبَا tuktabā	يُكْتَبَا yuktabā		نُكْتَبْ nuktab	تُكْتَبُوا tuktabū	يُكْتَبُوا yuktabū
	f		تُكْتَبِي tuktabī	تُكْتَبْ tuktab			تُكْتَبَا tuktabā			تُكْتَبْنَ tuktabna	يُكْتَبْنَ yuktabna

Form I final-weak example with inferred past/non-past vowels and multiple verbal nouns

Past and non-past vowels can be omitted, and will be guessed. For form I final weak verbs, the guess is based on the last letter of the headword (either ى or ا), and is usually correct. More than one verbal noun can be specified to the |vn= arg, separated by commas or by Arabic commas.

If the headword is رمى (“to throw”, form I final-weak), {{ar-conj|I}} produces

Conjugation of

رَمَى

(form-I final-weak, verbal nouns رَمْي or رِمَايَة)

verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر						رَمْي or رِمَايَة ramy or rimāya
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						رَامٍ rāmin
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَرْمِيّ marmiyy
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	رَمَيْتُ ramaytu	رَمَيْتَ ramayta	رَمَى ramā		رَمَيْتُمَا ramaytumā	رَمَيَا ramayā		رَمَيْنَا ramaynā	رَمَيْتُمْ ramaytum	رَمَوْا ramaw
	f		رَمَيْتِ ramayti	رَمَتْ ramat			رَمَتَا ramatā			رَمَيْتُنَّ ramaytunna	رَمَيْنَ ramayna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَرْمِي ʔarmī	تَرْمِي tarmī	يَرْمِي yarmī		تَرْمِيَانِ tarmiyāni	يَرْمِيَانِ yarmiyāni		نَرْمِي narmī	تَرْمُونَ tarmūna	يَرْمُونَ yarmūna
	f		تَرْمِينَ tarmīna	تَرْمِي tarmī			تَرْمِيَانِ tarmiyāni			تَرْمِينَ tarmīna	يَرْمِينَ yarmīna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَرْمِيَ ʔarmiya	تَرْمِيَ tarmiya	يَرْمِيَ yarmiya		تَرْمِيَا tarmiyā	يَرْمِيَا yarmiyā		نَرْمِيَ narmiya	تَرْمُوا tarmū	يَرْمُوا yarmū
	f		تَرْمِي tarmī	تَرْمِيَ tarmiya			تَرْمِيَا tarmiyā			تَرْمِينَ tarmīna	يَرْمِينَ yarmīna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَرْمِ ʔarmi	تَرْمِ tarmi	يَرْمِ yarmi		تَرْمِيَا tarmiyā	يَرْمِيَا yarmiyā		نَرْمِ narmi	تَرْمُوا tarmū	يَرْمُوا yarmū
	f		تَرْمِي tarmī	تَرْمِ tarmi			تَرْمِيَا tarmiyā			تَرْمِينَ tarmīna	يَرْمِينَ yarmīna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِرْمِ irmi			اِرْمِيَا irmiyā				اِرْمُوا irmū
	f		اِرْمِي irmī							اِرْمِينَ irmīna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	رُمِيتُ rumītu	رُمِيتَ rumīta	رُمِيَ rumiya		رُمِيتُمَا rumītumā	رُمِيَا rumiyā		رُمِينَا rumīnā	رُمِيتُمْ rumītum	رُمُوا rumū
	f		رُمِيتِ rumīti	رُمِيَتْ rumiyat			رُمِيَتَا rumiyatā			رُمِيتُنَّ rumītunna	رُمِينَ rumīna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُرْمَى ʔurmā	تُرْمَى turmā	يُرْمَى yurmā		تُرْمَيَانِ turmayāni	يُرْمَيَانِ yurmayāni		نُرْمَى nurmā	تُرْمَوْنَ turmawna	يُرْمَوْنَ yurmawna
	f		تُرْمَيْنَ turmayna	تُرْمَى turmā			تُرْمَيَانِ turmayāni			تُرْمَيْنَ turmayna	يُرْمَيْنَ yurmayna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُرْمَى ʔurmā	تُرْمَى turmā	يُرْمَى yurmā		تُرْمَيَا turmayā	يُرْمَيَا yurmayā		نُرْمَى nurmā	تُرْمَوْا turmaw	يُرْمَوْا yurmaw
	f		تُرْمَيْ turmay	تُرْمَى turmā			تُرْمَيَا turmayā			تُرْمَيْنَ turmayna	يُرْمَيْنَ yurmayna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُرْمَ ʔurma	تُرْمَ turma	يُرْمَ yurma		تُرْمَيَا turmayā	يُرْمَيَا yurmayā		نُرْمَ nurma	تُرْمَوْا turmaw	يُرْمَوْا yurmaw
	f		تُرْمَيْ turmay	تُرْمَ turma			تُرْمَيَا turmayā			تُرْمَيْنَ turmayna	يُرْمَيْنَ yurmayna

Form I example with multiple past vowels and uncertain passive status

More than one past or non-past vowel can be given when multiple possibilities exist in the conjugation, and a ? can be added to the |passive= or |vn= args to indicate uncertainty, which places the headword in, respectively, Category:Arabic verbs needing passive checked and Category:Arabic verbs needing verbal noun checked). Note that the value of |passive= has reasonable defaults; in this case, it would default to |passive=n anyway due to one of the past vowels being u, but it is a good idea to specify it explicitly to indicate that this has been verified with a dictionary or native speaker.

If the headword is فرد (“to be single”, form I sound), {{ar-conj|I|a,u|u}} produces

Conjugation of

فَرَدَ or فَرُدَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun فُرُود)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						فُرُود furūd
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						فَارِد fārid
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	فَرَدْتُ or فَرُدْتُ faradtu or farudtu	فَرَدْتَ or فَرُدْتَ faradta or farudta	فَرَدَ or فَرُدَ farada or faruda		فَرَدْتُمَا or فَرُدْتُمَا faradtumā or farudtumā	فَرَدَا or فَرُدَا faradā or farudā		فَرَدْنَا or فَرُدْنَا faradnā or farudnā	فَرَدْتُمْ or فَرُدْتُمْ faradtum or farudtum	فَرَدُوا or فَرُدُوا faradū or farudū
	f		فَرَدْتِ or فَرُدْتِ faradti or farudti	فَرَدَتْ or فَرُدَتْ faradat or farudat			فَرَدَتَا or فَرُدَتَا faradatā or farudatā			فَرَدْتُنَّ or فَرُدْتُنَّ faradtunna or farudtunna	فَرَدْنَ or فَرُدْنَ faradna or farudna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَفْرُدُ ʔafrudu	تَفْرُدُ tafrudu	يَفْرُدُ yafrudu		تَفْرُدَانِ tafrudāni	يَفْرُدَانِ yafrudāni		نَفْرُدُ nafrudu	تَفْرُدُونَ tafrudūna	يَفْرُدُونَ yafrudūna
	f		تَفْرُدِينَ tafrudīna	تَفْرُدُ tafrudu			تَفْرُدَانِ tafrudāni			تَفْرُدْنَ tafrudna	يَفْرُدْنَ yafrudna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَفْرُدَ ʔafruda	تَفْرُدَ tafruda	يَفْرُدَ yafruda		تَفْرُدَا tafrudā	يَفْرُدَا yafrudā		نَفْرُدَ nafruda	تَفْرُدُوا tafrudū	يَفْرُدُوا yafrudū
	f		تَفْرُدِي tafrudī	تَفْرُدَ tafruda			تَفْرُدَا tafrudā			تَفْرُدْنَ tafrudna	يَفْرُدْنَ yafrudna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَفْرُدْ ʔafrud	تَفْرُدْ tafrud	يَفْرُدْ yafrud		تَفْرُدَا tafrudā	يَفْرُدَا yafrudā		نَفْرُدْ nafrud	تَفْرُدُوا tafrudū	يَفْرُدُوا yafrudū
	f		تَفْرُدِي tafrudī	تَفْرُدْ tafrud			تَفْرُدَا tafrudā			تَفْرُدْنَ tafrudna	يَفْرُدْنَ yafrudna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُفْرُدْ ufrud			اُفْرُدَا ufrudā				اُفْرُدُوا ufrudū
	f		اُفْرُدِي ufrudī							اُفْرُدْنَ ufrudna

Form IV hollow example

If the headword is أراد (“to want”, form IV hollow), {{ar-conj|IV}} produces

Conjugation of

أَرَادَ

(form-IV hollow)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						إِرَادَة ʔirāda
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُرِيد murīd
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُرَاد murād
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	أَرَدْتُ ʔaradtu	أَرَدْتَ ʔaradta	أَرَادَ ʔarāda		أَرَدْتُمَا ʔaradtumā	أَرَادَا ʔarādā		أَرَدْنَا ʔaradnā	أَرَدْتُمْ ʔaradtum	أَرَادُوا ʔarādū
	f		أَرَدْتِ ʔaradti	أَرَادَتْ ʔarādat			أَرَادَتَا ʔarādatā			أَرَدْتُنَّ ʔaradtunna	أَرَدْنَ ʔaradna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُرِيدُ ʔurīdu	تُرِيدُ turīdu	يُرِيدُ yurīdu		تُرِيدَانِ turīdāni	يُرِيدَانِ yurīdāni		نُرِيدُ nurīdu	تُرِيدُونَ turīdūna	يُرِيدُونَ yurīdūna
	f		تُرِيدِينَ turīdīna	تُرِيدُ turīdu			تُرِيدَانِ turīdāni			تُرِدْنَ turidna	يُرِدْنَ yuridna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُرِيدَ ʔurīda	تُرِيدَ turīda	يُرِيدَ yurīda		تُرِيدَا turīdā	يُرِيدَا yurīdā		نُرِيدَ nurīda	تُرِيدُوا turīdū	يُرِيدُوا yurīdū
	f		تُرِيدِي turīdī	تُرِيدَ turīda			تُرِيدَا turīdā			تُرِدْنَ turidna	يُرِدْنَ yuridna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُرِدْ ʔurid	تُرِدْ turid	يُرِدْ yurid		تُرِيدَا turīdā	يُرِيدَا yurīdā		نُرِدْ nurid	تُرِيدُوا turīdū	يُرِيدُوا yurīdū
	f		تُرِيدِي turīdī	تُرِدْ turid			تُرِيدَا turīdā			تُرِدْنَ turidna	يُرِدْنَ yuridna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		أَرِدْ ʔarid			أَرِيدَا ʔarīdā				أَرِيدُوا ʔarīdū
	f		أَرِيدِي ʔarīdī							أَرِدْنَ ʔaridna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	أُرِدْتُ ʔuridtu	أُرِدْتَ ʔuridta	أُرِيدَ ʔurīda		أُرِدْتُمَا ʔuridtumā	أُرِيدَا ʔurīdā		أُرِدْنَا ʔuridnā	أُرِدْتُمْ ʔuridtum	أُرِيدُوا ʔurīdū
	f		أُرِدْتِ ʔuridti	أُرِيدَتْ ʔurīdat			أُرِيدَتَا ʔurīdatā			أُرِدْتُنَّ ʔuridtunna	أُرِدْنَ ʔuridna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُرَادُ ʔurādu	تُرَادُ turādu	يُرَادُ yurādu		تُرَادَانِ turādāni	يُرَادَانِ yurādāni		نُرَادُ nurādu	تُرَادُونَ turādūna	يُرَادُونَ yurādūna
	f		تُرَادِينَ turādīna	تُرَادُ turādu			تُرَادَانِ turādāni			تُرَدْنَ turadna	يُرَدْنَ yuradna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُرَادَ ʔurāda	تُرَادَ turāda	يُرَادَ yurāda		تُرَادَا turādā	يُرَادَا yurādā		نُرَادَ nurāda	تُرَادُوا turādū	يُرَادُوا yurādū
	f		تُرَادِي turādī	تُرَادَ turāda			تُرَادَا turādā			تُرَدْنَ turadna	يُرَدْنَ yuradna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُرَدْ ʔurad	تُرَدْ turad	يُرَدْ yurad		تُرَادَا turādā	يُرَادَا yurādā		نُرَدْ nurad	تُرَادُوا turādū	يُرَادُوا yurādū
	f		تُرَادِي turādī	تُرَدْ turad			تُرَادَا turādā			تُرَدْنَ turadna	يُرَدْنَ yuradna

আরও দেখুন

This template generates formatted conjugation tables for Arabic verbs using Module:ar-verb. It must be used under the level 4 header conjugation (conjugation header is level 5 when there are multiple etymologies for a single word).

Arguments

Arguments are as follows (only the first numbered argument is mandatory):

• |1=: Mandatory. Conjugation type, usually just e.g. I or IV; see below.
• |2= through |6=: Radicals and (for form I) past and non-past vowels; see below. Radicals are normally omitted, and will be inferred from the headword. Past and non-past vowels are used only in form I.
• |I=, |II=, |III=, |IV=: Alternative way of specifying radicals using named rather than numbered arguments. Radicals normally do not need to be given, and will be inferred from the headword.
• |vn=: Specify the verbal noun(s). Separate multiple verbal nouns by commas or by the Arabic comma (،). Verbal nouns are required for form I, but need not be specified for other forms except in the rare cases where such a verb has an irregular verbal noun.
• |passive=: If impers, verb has impersonal passive (only 3rd singular masculine parts); if only, verb has only passive parts, no active; if only-impers, verb has only impersonal passive parts (only 3rd singular masculine passive parts, no others and no active parts); otherwise, if should be yes, y, true or 1 (verb has a passive) or no, n, false or 0 (verb has no possive). If omitted, default is normally yes, but default is no for forms VII, IX, XI - XV, IIq - IVq, and form I with past vowel u (except for hollow verbs), and default is impersonal passive for form VI.
• |intrans=: Rarely needs to be specified. Should be yes, y, true or 1 (verb is intransitive) or no, n, false or 0 (verb is transitive). If omitted, default comes from the value of |passive=: If |passive=no, |passive=impers or |passive=only-impers then intransitive, otherwise transitive.
• |variant=: Only used with the verb حَيَّ (ḥayya) or حَيِيَ (ḥayiya) "to live". Value is short (produces حَيَّ (ḥayya)), long (produces حَيِيَ (ḥayiya)), both (produces both forms).
• |noimp=: Suppresses imperatives with 1.

The meaning of arguments |2= through |6= depends on the form.

Form I

• |2=: past (aka perfect) vowel (a, i or u).
• |3=: non-past (aka imperfect) vowel (a, i or u).
• |4= or |I=: First radical.
• |5= or |II=: Second radical.
• |6= or |III=: Third radical.

Past and non-past vowels should normally be included, although they have sensible defaults that work in many cases, especially with final-weak verbs (see below). Radicals are usually omitted and will be inferred from the headword and (in some cases) the past/non-past vowels. In a very few cases, radicals must be included (in particular, with form I hollow verbs with a non-past vowel of a), and an error will be thrown if they are omitted.

Multiple past and/or non-past vowels can be given, separated by commas. This is useful when a verb has alternative conjugations involving different vowels. See the example below of فَرَدَ (farada) or فَرُدَ (faruda) "to be single". (Not all alternative conjugations can be specified this way; an example would be a verb that takes either the past/non-past vowels a/u or i/a. There would in any case be no clear way of indicating such an alternation in a single conjugation table. The solution is to include more than one conjugation table.)

Other triliteral augmented forms (form II through XV)

• |2= or |I=: First radical.
• |3= or |II=: Second radical.
• |4= or |III=: Third radical.

Radicals can be omitted in all cases. In some cases there is an ambiguity in choice of radical (e.g. in hollow and final-weak verbs, and some form VIII sound verbs), but in these cases all choices produce identical conjugations.

Quadriliteral forms (form Iq, IIq, IIIq or IVq)

• |2= or |I=: First radical.
• |3= or |II=: Second radical.
• |4= or |III=: Third radical.
• |5= or |IV=: Fourth radical.

Radicals can be omitted in all cases, as above.

Further comments

The conjugation type is normally just the form (e.g. I, II, III, IV, etc.), and the weakness (sound, assimilated, hollow, final-weak, geminated, assimilated+final-weak) is automatically determined from the radicals. However, the weakness can be explicitly specified in the conjugation type, e.g. I-sound or IV-hollow. The main use of this is to force a verb to be sound that would normally be interpreted otherwise in cases where a weak radical unexpectedly appears in a non-weak conjugation, e.g. Form I wajuha yawjuhu "to be distinguished". Only verbs like this (apparently form-I assimilated, but actually sound) are problematic; would-be hollow verbs that are actually sound are handled correctly by default (e.g. Form I ʻawiza yaʻwazu "to be poor", Form I layisa yalyasu "to be courageous", Form IV ’aḥwaja yuḥwiju "to need", Form VIII izdawaja yazdawiju "to be in pairs", Form X istajwaba yastajwibu "to interrogate").

Normally, all radicals are omitted, and the radicals are inferred automatically from the headword. More specifically: If some or all of the radicals are omitted, the missing ones will be automatically inferred from the headword and conjugation form, and the past/non-past vowels if given (it is an error in such a case if the headword is malformed given the conjugation form). This works properly in almost all cases, but will run into problems in one particular situation: In form I hollow verbs where the non-past vowel is omitted or is a, the radical cannot be determined but is necessary to conjugate the passive participle. For example, خَافَ يَخَافُ (ḵāfa yaḵāfu) "to fear" with middle radical و (w) has passive participle مَخُوفٌ (maḵūfun) whereas شَاءَ يَشَاءُ (šāʔa yašāʔu) with middle radical ي (y) has passive participle مَشِيءٌ (mašīʔun) despite both having the same past and non-past vowels. In this particular situation, an error will be thrown if the middle radical is not given.

In the following situations, the radical is ambiguous, but the exact choice of radical doesn't matter because all choices produce the same conjugation:

• In augmented (non-form-I) hollow verbs, where the middle radical is assumed to be و (w) but might be ي (y).
• In augmented (non-form-I) final-weak verbs, where the last radical is assumed to be و (w) but might be ي (y).
• In form VIII verbs beginning with اتّـ, where the first radical is assumed to be ت (t) but might be و (w) or ي (y) (or ء (ʔ) in the specific case of the verb اِتَّخَذَ (ittaḵaḏa)).

For form I sound, assimilated and geminate verbs, if the past-tense vowel is omitted, it defaults to a. If the non-past vowel is omitted, it is computed from the past vowel: A past vowel of a maps to a if the second or third radical is guttural, else u; a past vowel of i maps to a; a past vowel of u maps to u. For final-weak verbs, and for hollow verbs if the radicals are specified, the past and/or non-past vowels rarely need to be given, as they will be derived automatically from the nature of the weak vowel. (Specifically, for hollow verbs both past and non-past vowel default to the short vowel version of the middle radical, whereas for final-weak verbs, the past vowel defaults to a and the default non-past vowel is computed from the past vowel as follows: a maps to either i or u depending on the nature of the third radical, i maps to a, u maps to u.)

How to derive the past and non-past vowels

To derive the past vowel, look at the (usually) short vowel appearing before the last radical of the verb in the first-person (not third-person) singular past (aka perfect). For hollow verbs, this is usually i or u. For other verbs, this is usually a, sometimes i and rarely u. For final-weak verbs, you may see a long ī (or very occasionally ū) replacing the third radical; the corresponding past vowel is i (or u if appropriate). Meanwhile, the non-past vowel is the short vowel with the same quality as the vowel (which may be long or short) appearing before the last radical of the verb in the first-person (or third-person masculine) singular non-past (aka imperfect) indicative. This is most commonly i or u, but a is reasonably common, especially when the past vowel is "i" or the second or third radical is a guttural consonant: ه (h), ح (ḥ), ع (ʕ), or ء (ʔ). For final-weak verbs the last radical merges into the vowel to produce a long vowel; the corresponding short vowel is the non-past vowel.